Analysis Of The Poem The First Cities - 1694 Words

Running Head: PAPER 3 Paper 3 Name Institute Paper 3 [A] Audre Lorde: Andre Lorde (February 18, 1934 – November 17, 1992) was a Caribbean American civil rights activist, writer, women and lesbian rights activist, radical feminist and womanist. She was well known for her work with Afro-German women. She was emphasized and criticized for the contents of liberalism and sexuality in her works. Her poetry was first published in ‘The first Cities† in 1968 by the poet’s press. Her work in various fields and her social activities and the movements for women rights and many others were the main reason for her popularity. She spent a lot of time in berlin from 1984 to 1992. There she worked for Afro-German movement, for the Afro-German rights, especially for women. Her second work of poetry that was published with the name â€Å"Cables to Rage† in 1970, which was written during her time at Tougaloo College in Mississippi. Lorde criticized the feminist movements of the 1960 for focusing on the issues of white women only. Her theory writings were based on â€Å"Theory of Difference†. She died of cancer in 1992. Her work was both, appreciated and criticized by different people during different times. Her work had major elements of social liberalism and sexuality. She was a revolutionary lady who worked for a large scale change in the society and she was successful at many levels through her struggle. Miss Representation (2011): MissShow MoreRelatedCritical Analysis : The Love Song Of J. Alfred Prufrock895 Words   |  4 PagesCritical Analysis Writing a critical analysis is diving into the text. Readers must break down all parts of the text and pin pointing the author s purpose for the writing. A very challenging poem to analysis is T.S. Eliot’s â€Å"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock†. It has been declared that â€Å"The Love Song of J. 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Eliot Preludes Structure832 Words   |  4 PagesPrelude IV is the last installment of a four part series of poems from legendary poet T.S Eliot. Like most of Eliot’s writing, including the three other installments of the preludes, Prelude IV criticizes the modern world and the state of humanity living in it. The goal of this essay is to interpret the specific criticisms within the poem as well as analyse its structure as well as its semantics. Structural Analysis Interpretation As previously stated, the core message of the entire PreludesRead MoreAnalysis Of Poem Sanctuary 809 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Poem ‘Sanctuary’ This very well-known poem ‘Sanctuary’ was written in the early ‘50s by Judith Wright. Judith was a prolific Australian poet, critic, and short-story writer. She was also an uncompromising environmentalist and social activist campaigning for Aboriginal land rights. She believed that the poet should be concerned with national and social problems. 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Religious Authority And The Protestant Reformation

During the sixteenth century, numerous conditions and beliefs existed that cause the Protestant Reformation. It was a religious, political, cultural and logical disturbance that had made some Europeans split from the Catholic Church. â€Å"In northern and central Europe, reformers [such as John Calvin, Henry VIII and most importantly Martin Luther] challenged papal authority and questioned the Catholic Church’s ability to define Christian practice.† The tension between the reformers and the church triggered wars, persecutions and the Counter-Reformation, also called the Catholic Reformation. Augustine had emphasized that the bible is more a fundamental source for religious authority than the Bible is. He also believed that humans could not reach salvation by their own act, but only God could give salvation by his divine grace. Throughout the Middle Ages, the Catholic Church taught that salvation was achievable through works of righteousness that made God pleased. Mart in Luther, born in the year 1483 in Thuringia (Saxony), which is what is now the country of Germany, began to have doubts about the theological basis for much of the daily practices of the Catholic Church. In other words, he questioned and wondered if the Catholic leaders’ teachings were acceptable to the Catholic religion. He shared his two central beliefs with Augustine, which would later form the basis of Protestantism. Meanwhile, the Catholic Church’s practice of allowing indulgences to offer absolution toShow MoreRelatedThe Reformation Was the Rejection of the Secular Spirit of the811 Words   |  4 PagesPeople not longer considered their lives solely as a preparation for the afterlife, but instead gave them actual value. The churchs authority fused with that of the state, resulting in a monopolized power greatly influenced by religion. The rejection of the secular spirit of the Italian Renaissance can be seen in the varying art themes of the Reformation. 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Drexel University Dining Free Essays

James Kirwan and Joey Mannarino John Borczon English 102 2/28/13 Drexel Dining Not Meeting Basic Needs As any college student knows, the quality of a school’s dining hall is extremely important. To be successful as students, it is an absolute must that a student is strong and healthy. One of the keys to being strong and healthy is a healthy and balanced diet, filled with a variety of foods. We will write a custom essay sample on Drexel University Dining or any similar topic only for you Order Now At Drexel, we are being deprived of this necessity. While we do have a dining hall that is open for most of our day, actually eating there is an issue. For all freshmen at Drexel, a dining plan is required. There are three different traditional meal plans, ranging from a hefty $1,830 to $1,915. All three traditional plans revolve around the Handshumacher Dining Center. The custom meal plans also provide various options, but in the end, focus around the Handshumacher Dining Center as well. The meal plans are outrageously expensive; however, considering the tuition most students are paying, this is not the issue. The issue is the quality of food in the dining hall. It is one matter for students not to enjoy the food that they eat, but even more of a concern when the food they are eating is unsafe to be eaten. Just in the last few weeks, at least 10 people have been bed ridden for days due to, what they believe, to be food poisoning from the Handshumacher Dining Center. This is a major problem. Once a person has contracted a food-borne illness, participating in academics and/or extracurricular activities becomes nearly impossible, affecting students’ lives and grades severely. With students potentially in danger of becoming sick and being affected in their academics, this is more than just disliking the dining hall. The Handschumacher Dining Center is not clean by any means at all. After eating there a few times, occurrences such as finding a single black hair in our mashed potatoes and flakes of crude in our drinks became a regular ordeal. When trying to get soda from the soda machine there would be various particles coming from the machine itself. Once it comes out of the dirty machine, it will then go into one of the glass cups provided by the dining center. These are rarely cleaned properly and there always spots and other residue on them (see below). [pic] This is also a major problem with the utensils and even the plates. There is simply no excuse for this, as we are paying a good amount of money for the dining hall. The entire dining hall environment is a disgrace. Upon entering the dining hall, you are lead down a flight of stairs into a dull gray basement with next to no natural lighting. The area where the food is prepared for the student’s is not visible, and based on the food that is served, probably for good reason. Once our tray is filled with whatever sub-par food they have prepared for us, we are to go into a very poorly designed seating area. The eating environment is far from pleasant. Half the challenge is finding a table that is clean enough to eat at, as the tables are not regularly cleaned off when students leave them. One could argue that it is the students’ responsibility to keep the tables clean, but this is simply illogical. If there are people being paid to clean the tables, a student is not going to go out of their way in making sure their area is cleaned. The lack of cleanliness of the dining center extends beyond the seating area. If what we see out in the seating area is bad, what goes on behind the scenes is even worse. In a December 2010 Pennsylvania Food Code inspection, there were â€Å"mouse feces found in the kitchens and storage areas, fruit flies observed underneath a self-serve beverage station and lack of a dedicated sink for mop-water disposal, among other violations† (Strauss). The Triangle, Drexel’s newspaper, has various accounts recorded about the Handschumacher Dining Center, one of which includes a student seeing a live mouse running around. In these conditions, it is just about impossible for any food prepared to possibly be sanitary. This January, The Triangle published another article that discusses students receiving food poisoning and even the norovirus from the Handschumacher Dining Terrace. Norovirus is a highly contagious virus usually transmitted through undercooked food and occasionally direct contact with an infected person. The student who contracted the norovirus ended up being sent to the ER. In the Drexel Facebook group there are posts weekly that complain about food poisoning or stomach aches caused from this dining hall. One of those students is Maggie Heath-Bourne. She â€Å"personally know[s] a good deal of people who have gotten sick† from this dining center. She was unable to attend her Wednesday classes. Maggie also positive that the dining center caused her illness â€Å"because [she] had been really rushed at the beginning of the week and only had time to go [to the Hans] on Monday and Tuesday, [and she] got sick on Wednesday. † Since the university basically requires its freshman to eat at this dining hall, something needs to be done. There is no reason students should be scared for their health by eating at their own dining hall. The issues above are absolutely unacceptable for our dining hall, but in actuality, these are issues faced by quite a few dining halls around the country. In examining the various dining halls that have had problems there seems to be one common thread- the food production company Sodexo. We asked friends of ours how satisfied they were with their dining halls. Those who were happy with their dining halls went to schools that did not have Sodexo. Most of these students’ dining halls were controlled by Aramark. In further research, it became apparent that Sodexo is the root of our problems at Drexel. The same types of problems that we had at Drexel were faced by students at Fordham University, who also contracts Sodexo. An excerpt of the inspection read: â€Å"The inspections unearthed evidence of mice, roaches and improper storage of food, shortcomings that placed Fordham eateries in the lowest grade bracket† (Ram Online). This is concerning not only for Fordham students but for any school that allows Sodexo to control its dining environment. The case at Fordham got so out of hand that the dining hall was required to be shut down for a little while. Once it was finally opened back up, the tudents decided to hold a protest. However, this protest got them absolutely nowhere. At Drexel, there has to be a solution that we can execute to get a decent selection of food in our dining hall. At Fordham University, the method of a protest failed, as Sodexo still stayed as the school’s main food supplier. Sodexo claims on its website that it has a board of students that overv iew it’s dining services. This board of students does not have a representative from Drexel University on it. If we had some input about our dining hall through this board, maybe there would be some action taken. Another solution we could execute is introducing a board of various students that oversees and works with the kitchen staff to make sure the meals are both well prepared and well varied. These students would need to be Drexel students who frequent the dining hall. By being on this board, they will receive no benefits towards their dining hall plans or anything of the sorts. It would be a totally transparent board also. This way, students would have an outlet to go to to complain about the problems in this dining hall. The way it is set up now, it is extremely hard to get a meeting with anyone in the dining hall. For the purpose of this paper we attempted to set up a meeting with the director of residential living on campus. It took us about an entire month to schedule a meeting with this man. For a campus environment that can be fair to all, the food staff needs to be much more accessible. It is ridiculous that we have to wait so long for a meeting with someone who can make a change for us. This student board could supervise Sodexo until its contract with Drexel University is over. However, as soon as possible getting Sodexo out of Drexel’s dining hall would be ideal. This company has proven time and time again throughout the country that it cannot maintain a dining environment. Sure, it can provide food, but not good or safe food. This student leadership board could take a look at other food companies that are doing a better job satisfying both students’ needs and also pass health inspections. Drexel has decent dining options outside of the dining hall. There is a second dining option, accessible only through our dining dollars which is kept fairly clean. The food choices are from chains across the country. The election of food is not the best, but at least it is kept clean. This would probably not be the direction for our dining hall to go in. Drexel has a faculty dining hall, run by Sodexo, which is treated in a different manner entirely then the Handschumacher Dining Center. Why should the students be getting second rate food when they are paying for a meal plan? Also, Drexel just received a large scale grant that is going to a renovati on project for the area outside of the main building. With this money, Drexel could have begun production on a dining hall run by the 12th Street Caterers, also a Drexel company. With so many possible solutions why do we allow Drexel to continue to feed us the same dirty and poorly made food? We have to find some sort of way to make sure that Drexel implements the student’s opinions into choosing a new plan and direction for its dining hall. To start, we must set up some sort of board for students to voice their opinions directly to Sodexo. From there, we must see what we can do to get Sodexo out, and using this same board of students, create a new solution that pleases all students and also follows health standards. No matter what we do, we cannot keep going in the manner that we are going. How to cite Drexel University Dining, Papers

The Learning Organization Organizational Innovation

Question: Discuss about theLearning Organizationfor Organizational Innovation. Answer: Introduction There are two types of organizations found in the present business who are defined as learning organization and traditional organization. Out of these two types of organizations, learning organization is the latest trend of business while traditional organization is old fashioned business module. Both the organizations have their own features and characteristics which can distinguish them with their specialty. In this article, the discussion will be made for these two types of organization highlighting their characteristics, with the type of leaderships evolved from them and the discussion will feature the distinctive comparison between them to find the most suitable business organization out of these two(Johnson, 2009). Characteristics Traditional Organization Traditional organization is that type of organization which is depending upon the traditional mode of hierarchical structure. This system endorses the flow of power with upward and vertical direction which makes the employees confined to the departments. This system is depending upon the concept of following command in the cycle. This system empowers the CEO for any decision making related to fixation of objectives and finalize strategies to accomplish objectives, where as departmental managers have to obey the guideline to perform for routine work as per fixed system of operation. The best example of this organization is army of any country where every soldier is answerable to the commanding officer while the Head of the State is on the top of the pyramid as commander-in-chief(Singh, 2012). Learning Organization Learning Organization is the most modern concept of organization powered by latest management trend. This type of organization provides the environment which makes the stakeholders feel free and independent so far creativity is concerned. There is inherent tendency of human being to think critically about any issue and through the knowledge base the effort of solving problem is treated as natural instinct. This concept endorses this model which empowers individual to think independently, with critical mindset to communicate ideas and concepts with creative attitude, and co-operate the team though the process of inquiry and action. This concept is running with belief that learning is a continuous process through which one can develop adapt and transform their though as per the needs of the situation(Spatguru, 2014). Comparison of Traditional and Learning Organization Traditional Organization Learning Organization Run by the decision of Single Entity Independent decision makers with enriched knowledge base Power flows vertically and upward Power flows horizontally and downward No scope of implementation of thinking(Studymode, 2016). Vast scope of implementation of thoughts with anticipated value addition to the organization This type of organization endorses on routine work with no scope of creativity left for delivering This type of organization encourages decentralized way of delivering through endorsing of creativity and thoughtfulness No encouragement of utilization of knowledge base of employees Gives scope to the employees to use their knowledgebase by providing the scope of creativity Creation of closed door environment Creation of open environment Responsibility confined to own job only Cooperative attitude is encouraged for solving the problem(Senge, 2008). Applicability of Learning Organization Learning organization concept is neo-management concept. It gives freedom to the employees in their domain of work with development of own creativity through the knowledgebase he has. It is also providing open environment to the employees. With the knowledgebase gathered through study or through training, the employees can deploy their own knowledgebase for betterment of the organization in the area of deliverance. There is conflict between the two thoughts- traditional and learning organization. Although traditional organization sponsors the through of conservative attitude, it is required in different level of operations like manufacturing. Learning organization can develop the idea of independent through in the area of work, but while the job is demanding a certain line of action, this model is not worth. Learning organization develops the culture of independent thinking, but it depends upon the capacity of the participants how far they are equipped with this concept(Bryan, 2009). Types of Leadership Both the type of organizations needs leaders. For traditional organization the leadership style is different from that of learning organizations. Given below the leadership styles applicable for two types of organizations: Leadership Style-Traditional Organization Traditional organization normally features as hierarchical pyramid shape keeping the head of the organization placed on the top. Hence the style of leadership found in this type of organization is mainly authoritative in nature. This type of leadership always tries to keep the relationship between the boss and the subordinates as professional, keeping distinct distance. The leader of this type always believes that subordinates are there to ensure compliance the instructions flow from him. He never asks hi subordinates about their feeling about the decision taken by him. This leads to the environment which is not open and autocratic in nature(Wordpress, 2011). Leadership Style- Learning Organization The leadership style normally prevails in the learning organization is democratic leadership style. This type of leadership style always sponsors the concept of discuss and decide model. The leader always discusses about the strategies and the implementation process of the strategies to be fixed for common objective of the organization. This style of leadership gives scopes to the team members to think independently through their knowledge base and can give suggestions to the leader as per their own thought. The leader depends upon the majority thoughts and decides to implement the strategies(Rijal, 2010). Innovative Leadership Innovative Leadership in Traditional Organization The scope of innovative leadership is remote in traditional organization as the leader of the organization is placed on the top and has the liberty to decide on the issues of his won. If his knowledgebase can not support the need of the decision, he may ask subordinates about their views but that is not formal. Hence the scope of innovative leadership is not as prominent in traditional organization as this type of organization does not believe on the concept of co-operative exchange of ideas(Newdirectionsconsulting, 2011). Innovative Leadership in Learning Organization This type of organization always encourages the concept of innovative leadership. For this purpose this type of organization provides frequent training to upgrade the knowledgebase of the stakeholders it is often found that the team members actively participate in the meeting to fix strategies and contribute in positive manner to the decisions to be taken by adding value through their enriched knowledge base and experience. Learning organizations always promote decentralization of leadership and they always welcome innovative ideas for the betterment of the organization. Thus the concept of innovative leadership is encouraged through the organization and the organizations are getting enriched with the innovative leadership by value addition to the organization(Hsiao Chang, 2011). Conclusion: The basic difference of traditional and learning organizations are lying with its concept. While traditional concept is conservative in nature, learning concept promotes open air environment with independent thinking and scope of enhancement of knowledgebase of the stakeholders. It is often found that debate is raised which concept is more effective. It entirely depends upon the outlook of the management how they want to be benefited with the concept of organization. The ultimate aim is to prosper individually with the organization as a whole. So the tested option to be adopted to ensure the prosperity of the organization. The neo-concept of learning organization gives scope to the employees to excel in their own domain through enhanced knowledgebase gained by training and sharing with co employees in the vast areas of operation to be covered. Traditional organization is not leaving such scope as the employees are confined to the limitation of their own domain and not allowed to move to other areas which restrict their enhancement of knowledgebase. References: Bryan, C. S. (2009, January 01). The application of learning organization principles to church growth. Retrieved November 17, 2016, from Waldenu: https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1645context=dissertations Hsiao, H.-C., Chang, J.-C. (2011, December). The role of organizational learning in transformational leadership and organizational innovation. Retrieved November 17, 2016, from Springer: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12564-011-9165-x Johnson, R. (2009, March 03). Is your Company a Learning Organization or the Traditional Efficient Performance Organization? Retrieved November 17, 2016, from 4hoteliers: https://www.4hoteliers.com/features/article/3821 Newdirectionsconsulting. (2011, September 15). TEAMING: Traditional vs. Innovative Managers (Guestblogger: Robert Gilbert). Retrieved November 17, 2016, from Newdirectionsconsulting: https://www.newdirectionsconsulting.com/leadership-engagement/traditional-vs-innovative-managers-guestblogger-robert-gilbert-2/ Rijal, S. (2010). Leadership Style And Organizational Culture In Learning Organization: A Comparative Study ;https://www.cluteinstitute.com/ojs/index.php/IJMIS/article/viewFile/19/17. International Journal of Management Information Systems , 14 (05), 119-127. Senge, P. M. (2008, December 15). The Learning Organization. Retrieved November 17, 2016, from nwlink: https://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/leader/learnor2.html Singh, D. (2012, September 09). Traditional Organization Modern Organization. Retrieved November 17, 2016, from Topbullets: https://topbullets.com/2012/09/09/difference-between-traditional-and-modern-organization/ Spatguru. (2014, September 18). A learning organization and its charactistics. Retrieved November 17, 2016, from Spatguru: https://ispatguru.com/a-learning-organization-and-its-characteristics/ Studymode. (2016). Comparison of traditional and learning organization. Retrieved November 17, 2016, from Studymode: https://www.studymode.com/essays/Traditional-Learning-Organizations-461854.html Wordpress. (2011, August 26). What is the difference between traditional and contemporary leadership? Retrieved November 17, 2016, from Wordpress: https://stupidstuffsfordummies.wordpress.com/2011/08/26/what-is-the-difference-between-traditional-and-contemporary-leadership/

Women Murders Essays - Emily Grierson, Delia Matache,

Women Murders Marriage is a life long commitment between two people. Vows are taken as a promise to one another, " Till Death Do us Part" may be the most well known vow, but with the two women I will be discussing they take it into their own hands to speed up the process. The following stories are about two women who commit murder in some form, perhaps intentional or not who are not punished as far as the story tells us. Fortunately, we have a legal system that is designed to prevent these homicides and programs specifically designed to help women in cases like these that feel they have no other choice but to murder their husband to achieve freedom. As you will see these women were so desperate that they felt murder was their only option. One woman did it for freedom, and the other for companionship, both are murderers any way you put it. Emily Grierson, lived alone in an old " eyesore" of a house that no one had been inside of since she stopped giving china painting lessons ten years ago. She was considered a tradition in her town, and was shown special treatment thanks to a former mayor who'd pardoned her from the rules that applied to negro women at that time. However, the next generation didn't look upon Emily so kindly. Tax forms were constantly mailed to her home, the townspeople found the smell that seeped from her home so unbearable that they snuck onto her property to correct the situation. Emily had no contact with the townspeople, Until she met Homer Barron, a Northerner foreman, notorious for drinking and taking a liking to younger men. Within a few days, Emily and Homer were seen riding together in a buggy, and spending alot of time together. The townspeople thought that the they would marry, but when they heard that Emily bought arsenic they assumed she would kill herself and were happy for her, they said " it would be the best thing ". When the streets were done Homer disappeared, it was assumed that he went to prepare for his marriage to Emily. He returned a few days later and was never seen again. Miss Emily was seen buying a men's toiletry set along with men's clothing including a night shirt, from that point on it is assumed that they are married . Some time after that, Miss Emily passed away. A funeral was held, and once she was in the ground, the townspeople opened up the room that noone had seen in nearly forty years, what they found was quite disturbing. A room set up for a bridal with a man's suit and shoes looked almost as if it were just placed there, with the exception of the dust and discoloring. They found the man it belonged to laying in the bed decomposed with traces of an embrace that had long been unreturned.It was Homer Barron, and the pillow next to him had an indentation with a long strand of iron gray hair resting on it. Miss Emily was unavailable for questioning due to her death, so it is assumed that the arsenic from earlier in the story was not used for rats, but to keep Homer there with her, for fear of loneliness or perhaps she was insane, the author does not disclose this information. I think that she killed him in fear that he would leave her, and this is the first man she would be permitted to see since her father's watchful eyes were no longer around. This is truly a case of homicide, unlike the next story I will discuss where intentional murder is committed in a different way. Delia Jones is a washwoman in a poverty stricken area of Florida. She is married to a man named Sykes who is abusive to her in more ways than one. The verbal abuse is more evident than the physical aspect of it. Delia had to endure years of Sykes comments on her weight and profession, along with being assaulted and tormented by his cruel jokes. Sykes openly has an affair with a fat woman named Bertha. He was paying for her to stay in town, even though Delia was at home cooking and cleaning, trying to make a living. Sykes preys on Delia's fear of snakes from the beginning of the story, first with the whip resting on her shoulder, then he takes it too far and brings home a real snake. After

la Comida essays

la Comida essays Una grande parte de la cultura latinoamericana es la comida. La comida es muy importante en los eventos de cultura. Muchas personas viajan a Mxico y a otros paà ­ses hispanos por la comida.  ¡La comida es muy buena! Me gusta la comida de los latinoamericanos. Los tacos y las quesadillas son muy buenos. Por eso, mi pregunta es  ¿Por qu los restaurantes de los Estados Unidos han escogido la comida de los latinoamericanos ms pobres para representar la comida hispana? Yo pienso que la comida es comà ºn en los paà ­ses. Tambin, la comida es famosa y muy sabrosa. A los Americanos les gusta esta comida porque ella es rpida y fcil. Tambin, los restaurantes latinos en los Estados Unidos son muy buenos. Por ejemplo, los restaurantes incluyen El Rodeo, La Hacienda, y El Cerro Grande. Voy a hablar con personas y usar el Internet para encontrar la respuesta. Tambin, voy a leer muchos libros. La comida latinoamericana es muy importante porque hay muchas fiestas. La comida es muy importante en las fiestas. El tema es muy interesante para mà ­ porque por mucho tiempo he querido ir a Mxico para comer la comida. Me gusta estudiar sobre las culturas de otros paà ­ses. Un dà ­a tendr mucho di nero, y yo viajar a Mxico y participar en la cultura de los mexicanos.  ¡Todas las culturas son diferentes! La comida latinoamericana es muy importante para la cultura. Es posible que yo participe en la cultura en el futuro porque ella es muy interesante. Esta tarea es muy divertida porque yo puedo estudiar la cultura de los latinoamericanos. ...

Financial Markets & Risk Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Financial Markets & Risk - Essay Example iness Council for Sustainable Development defines CSR as the business commitment and contribution to the quality of life of employees, their families and the society overall, to support sustainable development. In recent years, CSR has been incorporated into the business strategy of a majority of the companies and firms in UK and all over the world. This is because of a variety of considerations that have developed in recent years making it an essential component for the success of any business. Altruistic CSR involves contributing to the common good at the possible, probable, or even definite expense of the business. It may be humanitarian, or philanthropic. Humanitarian CSR involves firms to go beyond preventing or rectifying harms they have done to assuming liability for public welfare deficiencies that they have not caused. This type of CSR is relatively rare. Strategic CSR is done to accomplish strategic business goals – good deeds are believed to be good for business as well as society. With this, corporations give back to their constituencies because it is in their best financial interests to do so. This is philanthropy aligned with profit motives. Social goals are found profitable in the long run since market forces provide financial incentives for perceived socially responsible behaviour. CSR is also a positive business driven response to the business environment of today. It is not an add-on. CSR is not static. It is a dynamic, multidimensional concept covering social, economic and environmental concerns, and is continually evolving with the diversity of the market. Innovation is a critical aspect of CSR initiatives. CSR is not an alternative to regulation. CSR is voluntary in nature. It has become imperative for businesses today to incorporate CSR in their business activities. Apart from the pressures from various directions, there are several reasons that companies find CSR initiatives beneficial for them. Rapid political, economic and

MKT Unit 4 Individual Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

MKT Unit 4 Individual Project - Research Paper Example The study will deal with the introduction of a new online product known as â€Å"Common† which works as internet currency platform and enables smooth financial transactions between buyers and sellers. The author of the study has highlighted various innovative methods of marketing concepts for Common and make it one of the most saleable and profitable products all over the world. The main objective of the study would be to highlight the various dimensions of Common and its related marketing concepts. A unique marketing plan would be created for Common that would enable to attract potential customers for a particular segment which believe in online purchasing and selling. One of the prime objectives of the study would be to highlight the product characteristics and features that would enable the reader to understand the innovative concept of digitalized transaction and its benefits. Finally, the study would conclude with the various marketing strategies that would enable the suc cessful marketing of Common internet currency platform. ... The prime objective of Common would be to enable fast electronic money and fund transfer for the online buying of products and conversion of money into digitalized currency. The sole purpose behind the creation of such an online platform would be to address the needs and concerns of the customers who believe in performing online transactions and also help in providing customers security and confidentiality while performing online transactions (Forex, 2013a). Common will also try to address the gaps that exist between the customers performing the online and offline transactions. The main objective would always be to provide a smooth financial service and also highlight the various concepts which help in facilitating intensive and extensive data. The maintenance and service offerings would directly depend upon the research market offerings and the proper maintenance of the customer accounts. It also helps in facilitating transactions between financial institutions such as banks, insura nce for investment purposes which help in enhancement of the technical and business expertise. The strategic mission of the company would be to develop a customized online platform which would help in catering to the needs and development of the customers making online and offline transactions (Forex, 2013a). Target Market Although, there is no specific customer segment targeted for the internet currency platform it is assumed that the customers who are not familiar with the technological concepts and methods are not targeted for the customers. The platform would enable micro, gaming; virtual currencies, offer based and mobile payment (FDBC, 2011).It would also facilitate online trading and domestic payment. The marketing department of Common would target customers aged

Consider the Young Turk proclamation in light of the Declaration of Essay

Consider the Young Turk proclamation in light of the Declaration of the Rights of Man - Essay Example It also controls their term. Description of citizens with the right to guidance on free formation of political groups. The rule on what the official language the Ottoman citizens should use. Rules on citizen’s employment rights, right to liberty and the right to equality, irrespective of religion, and nationality Rules on religious privileges. Guidance on what should be done when it comes to reorganization of state forces. Property rights rules. Education and operation of educational institutions. The responsibility of the state in school operations. The law on the country’s welfare and measures taken to improve its wealth. Declaration of the Rights of Man – 1789 This is a document formed to help reduce public calamities and corruption of governments. It is a formal declaration of the privileges of human race that should be respected. The purpose of the declaration is to remind all the supporters of the social sector of their privileges and moralities in the soci ety. It is to ensure there is respect for the acts of executive and legislative power. The formal declaration was also developed in order to maintain the constitution and ensure happiness for all citizens. Contents about the rights of man include: Inborn rights and social distinctions. The role of political associations in preservation of the rights of human race. The rules on principles of sovereignty. What liberty is and the exercise of natural rights. It also offers guidance on limits of exercise of natural rights. The laws guiding the exercise of natural rights, what is prohibited and what is not. Equality in expression of law. Rules guiding imprisonment, arrests and accusations. Laws guiding provision of punishments. The role of the law on repressing harshness in securing a prisoner. Freedom of expression of opinions and views. Free communication laws. Requirements of security rights. Rules about management of public forces and administration. Rules guiding the right to decisio n making. The rights of the society. Rules about the constitution and the society. Laws about acquisition of property. Demand of the Two Documents The tradition springing from the French revolution is evident in the, ‘declaration of the rights of man.’ In this document, corruptions in government and public calamities have motivated the formation of rules. The rules are based on the assumption that people’s neglect, ignorance and disrespect of the privileges of man were the causes of public disorder. The rules preserving the rights of man were formulated to inform and remind people in order to reduce public calamities and corruption. They were meant to develop respect for the executive and legislative powers and to maintain the constitution to ensure happiness of all. Focus of such a declaration is totally different from the focus of the proclamation of Young Turks. Young Turks proclamation has covered various areas. It has focused on leadership matters, their rei gn and powers; the rights of the citizens to vote, constitution of political groups; official language of the nation; citizen liberty and equality rights. At the same time, it covers their duties relative to the state and rights to employment; issues concerning religion privileges and freedom of expression; organization and management of state forces. That is why it unveils property rights, acquisition of lands, government services such as

The three stages of Change Management

The three stages of Change Management We live in the age of change. The implication of this statement, is not that changes only happen in our time, but, is that changes in the recent few decades have been comparatively more frequent and exert relatively major influences on every aspect of human life. In fact, changes command so much attention that, in recent years, the spotlight has been on how to manage change: Change Management. Change management, according to definition from BNET Business Dictionary (n.d.) is the coordination of a structured period of transition from situation A to situation B in order to achieve lasting change within an organization. Change management in the organizational context is the study of change, how to exercise change, how to cope with change and the necessity of change to ensure sustainability. Management of change is a complex subject of study; attention has to be paid in regards to the continuity of change, i.e. there are 2 types of change namely incremental change (minor change, adaptation, modification) and discontinuous change (revolutionary change, transformational change). Organizations experience consistent cycles of change in which periods of incremental change are punctuated by intervals of discontinuous change (Nadler and Tushman 1995, cited in Hayes 2002, p. 5). This cycle is referred to as punctuated equilibrium by Romanelli and Tushman in 1994 (cited in Hayes 2002, p. 5). Academics and scholars have, throughout time, developed various theories on change management. One of the famous thinker in the field of change management, Lewin (1951, cited in Campbell and Craig 2008, p. 512) introduced the force-field model which describes the state of change in an organization as the equilibrium between the force that push for change and the restraining force that struggles to keep the status quo unchanged. Additionally, Kotter (1995, cited in Huczynski and Buchanan 2007, p. 604) proposes 8 steps to organizational transformation: Establish a sense of urgency Form a guiding coalition Create a vision Communicate the vision Empower people to act on the vision Create short-term wins Consolidate improvements to produce further change Institutionalize new approaches Kurt Lewin in 1951 (cited in Kinicki and Kreitner 2008, p. 402) also introduced a 3-stage model for change. What are the 3 stages? Unfreezing: In a nutshell it means that to change, an organization first need to have the desire for change. Organization needs to be unhappy with the old behaviour. Changing: Moving to the desired state of change. Refreezing: Stabilize and normalize the changed state. Mentioned above are few of the theories that students studying Organizational Behaviour will find familiar. Kurt Lewins models for change remain largely applicable even in the 21st century as successful change always depends on striking a balance between change implementation and managing resistance to change. Besides, the 3-stage model correctly illustrated the process of change; the difference now being the increasing speed of the change cycle as organizational environment becomes more volatile. In my humble opinion however, Kotters 8-step model is an over-simplified interpretation of the process of change. The fundamental assumption that change happens in logical sequence and that managers are all rational beings are in themselves impractical as changes often involve unpredictable irregularities and managers do not always follow the book. Realistically, decisions made by managers are seldom rational. When organizations try to put into action change plans, it is almost always certain that the effort will be met with resistance. Resistance to change comes in one form or another. To borrow the words of Fronda and Moriceau (2008), there are 3 forms of resistance: revolt, withdrawal (alienation from work) and discreet resistance (low morale, low productivity and high absenteeism). On resistance towards change, we started off with a rather negative perception in the last paragraph. However, this is not necessarily so, resistance is detrimental only when it is not delicately handled, downplayed or ignored. Waddell and Sohal (1998) in their journal article titled Resistance: a constructive tool for change management states that resistance to change shows that it is nonsensical to assume right away that all change is beneficial; that it is human nature to doubt the outcome of change. Furthermore they argued that resistance to change ensures a balance between organizations desire for change and its practical need of stability and constancy (Waddell and Sohal 1998). The crucial question remained: How can management adopt the right strategy so as to be successful in change initiation? Many people have this huge misconception about the existence of the mythical best strategy for change. In my opinion, it is downright absurd to conclude that there is one best strategy to be used for all change initiatives; each organization is affected by its distinct external and internal factors when implementing change. After a routine of extensive reading, I found the contingency approach to change advocated by Dunphy and Stace (2001, cited in Huczynski and Buchanan, p. 603) most viable. The Dunphy-Stace contingency approach to change implementation The table content outlines the different strategies that managers can employ under different circumstances to implementing changes. Participative change management, despite being touted by a number of academics in the field of change management as the best solutions to change, does not always work. This is because participation and involvement in change process, from formulation to implementation, is extremely time-consuming, even more so when consensus fails to be reached. Thus when organizations are put under situations where the need for change is so critical that it is change or die, managers will be better off exercising decisiveness and dictatorial decision-making. Ideally, however, it is always best to involve employees in planning and carrying out change to minimize resistance and ensure cooperation. My view is echoed in the journal article by Stanleigh (2008) titled Effecting successful change management initiatives, in which he states 6 reasons why change initiatives fail: Not engaging all employees Managing change only at the executive level Telling people they have to change, were in a crisis Sending staffs on a change program and expecting change to occur Not honouring the past Not giving time for staffs to vent first and then change Not to be forgotten is the role of constructive conversation. Efforts to bring about change often fail because the change agent failed to listen. Jabri, Adrian and Boje (2008) in their article comment on change agents: [c]hange agents want to change the organization; indeed, they have been trained to change it. Change agents may even know what the organization needs. Many change agents have been trained to think about how to communicate the change in ways that people will accept it. That training reflects a caring for the audience, even as it limits the audiences participation. The audience is mere spectator to the change, rather than witness to it. In order to change successfully, an effective, two-way communication between managers and employees must be in place. Managers must learn to listen to the voices of the employees because the employees possess hands-on knowledge which might not be readily available to someone in managerial position. Conversation enables the contribution of every employee to be fully appreciated and integrated into the grand plan of change. Summing up my argument in the previous paragraphs, to be able to adopt a clearly defined strategy for the successful initiation of change, management needs to evaluate current situation, the necessity for change, and the urgency for the change. Management then needs to decide on a suitable approach based on the model proposed by Dexter Dunphy and Doug Stace (2001). Whenever possible, managers should maximize stakeholders participation in the change process. Moreover, from planning to implementation of change, managers should never overlook the importance of conversation. The management as the change agent needs to learn to listen. Throughout history we can see a large number of organizations that have made attempts to change. Some of these organizations succeeded; some, unfortunately, failed. By adopting the right strategies, we observe that organizations can manage their change successfully. One recent example is the effort by Dell Inc. to reduce the power consumption of its approximately 50000 computers during non-operational hours. In light of the increasing cost of energy, or more specifically, electricity, Dell Inc. has decided to put into action an overhaul of its power management. To formulate a company-wide power management plan, Jay Taylor, the senior engineer global strategist at Dell, brought together several departments at Dell, including product, facilities management, CTO and IT groups. These stakeholders all contributed their expertise in their respective fields to assist in the planning. By coordinating the skills of its employees in different fields, and pairing this effort with the latest tec hnology, Dell managed to come up with a very efficient power management plan which resulted in 40% reduction in computer-related energy cost, translating to US$ 1.8 million savings annually. The inspiring part of the whole initiative is that Dell managed to implement the power management plan and achieve cost-saving without hampering its day-to-day operation, thanks to its skillful handling of available expertise and effective co-ordinations between stakeholders from different fields. As a conclusion, change management plays an essential role in ensuring organizations survival. To achieve competitive advantage and sustainability in this turbulent period of economy, organization needs to be able to adapt to the external environment rapidly and routinely by constantly learning. It is therefore imperative for leaders and managers alike to have a thorough understanding of the nature, theories and practice of change management.

Computer Viruses :: essays research papers

Computer Viruses A virus is a program that copies itself without the knowledge of the computer user. Typically, a virus spreads from one computer to another by adding itself to an existing piece of executable code so that it is executed when its host code is run. If a virus if found, you shouldn't panic or be in a hurry, and you should work systematically. Don't rush! A Viruse may be classified by it's method of concealment (hiding). Some are called stealth viruses because of the way that they hide themselves, and some polymorphic because of the way they change themselves to avoid scanners from detecting them. The most common classification relates to the sort of executable code which the virus attaches itself to. These are:  ¨ Partition Viruses  ¨ Boot Viruses  ¨ File Viruses  ¨ Overwriting Viruses As well as replicating, a virus may carry a Damage routine. There is also a set of programs that are related to viruses by virtue of their intentions, appearances, or users likely reactions. For example:  ¨ Droppers  ¨ Failed viruses  ¨ Packagers  ¨ Trojans  ¨ Jokes  ¨ Test files THE DAMAGE ROUTINE Damage is defined as something that you would prefer not to have happened. It is measured by the amount of time it takes to reverse the damage. Trivial damage happens when all you have to do is get rid of the virus. There may be some audio or visual effect; often there is no effect at all. Minor damage occurs when you have to replace some or all of your executable files from clean backups, or by re-installing. Remember to run FindVirus again afterwards. Moderate damage is done when a virus trashes the hard disk, scrambles the FAT, or low-level formats the drive. This is recoverable from your last backup. If you take backups every day you lose, on average, half a day's work. Major damage is done by a virus that gradually corrupts data files, so that you are unaware of what is happening. When you discover the problem, these corrupted files are also backed up, and you might have to restore a very old backup to get valid data. Severe damage is done by a virus that gradually corrupts data files, but you cannot see the corruption (there is no simple way of knowing whether the data is good or bad). And, of course, your backups have the same problem. Unlimited damage is done by a virus that gives a third party access to your network, by stealing the supervisor password. The damage is then done by the third party, who has control of the network.